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Biology, occurence and regulation possibilities of Viola arvensis Murray in grown plants
MACHÁČEK, Václav
This thesis concerns on biology, occurrence and especially, herbicide regulation of Viola arvensis Murray on arable land. On the land of the farm DZV NOVA Bystřice a small-plot experiment focused on monitoring and regulation of Viola arvensis was carried out. This experiment was carried out from September 2012 to January 2014 on three crops (winter wheat, winter barley and winter rape) in three locations. In the theoretical part we describe the biology and occurrence of this frequent weed. The aim of the thesis was to evaluate the abundance of Viola arvensis and other weed species and verify the effect of different herbicides on Viola arvensis and other weeds. The effectiveness of the tested herbicide combinations was statistically significant for Viola arvensis and also for the other weeds (P 0, 05). The exceptions were Veronica persica, Geranium pussilum and Hordeum vulgare, where the effectiveness of these agents was not proved (P > 0, 05). The results summarize the numbers of weed species and effectiveness of applied herbicides. Viola arvensis was the most frequent weed species found on the examined sites. The effectiveness of herbicide agents used against this weed was very high. The highest was by preparations Maraton + Glean 75 WG, Maraton + Logran 20 WG, Cougar Forte + Logran 20 WG a Sumimax + Glean 75 WG (100 %). Lower was by preparations Butisan 400 SC + Command 36 SC (80 %) a Butisan Star + Garland Forte (75 %). In the winter barley and winter wheat, the applied herbicides were 100% effective, only in the winter rape the effectiveness was lower (75 - 80%). I can confirm the initial hypothesis about the effectiveness of the different herbicides on field pansy because their effectiveness differed.
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Biology, incidence and regulation of common comfrey (\kur{Symphytum officinale} L.)
KOVÁŘOVÁ, Jaroslava
The bacherol thesis with the title "Biology, incidence and regulation of common comfrey (Symphytum officinale L.)" deals with processing and presentation of accessible information about the weed common comfrey. First part of the bacherol thesis paid attention to information related to weed species general characteristics, occurrence and potential of their regulation. Prevailing part of the bacherol thesis occupied with the common comfrey characteristic and regulation possibilities. Information about comfrey biology, morphology, occurrence and environmental requirements was presented in this part. Comfrey regulation was in detail solved for its occurrence on meadow, arable soil or on soil without agricultural usage. The possibilities of preventive and direct regulation actions with the aim of comfrey occurrence limitation were suggested. These actions against comfrey include meadow regular cutting, intensive soil processing and usage of herbicide matters.
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The control of weeds in maize stand (\kur{Zea mays L.})
VANĚK, Robert
Some of weeds have disappeared owing to the plant production specialization; some of them have become more resistive. Those weeds have taken significant role due to its danger and frequency of presence. The thesis is mainly focused on description of biology and morphology of weeds, possibilities of weeds spread and weed control. Methods of mechanical and chemical regulation are described based on these facts. The experiments, which were carried on maize, determined the effect of selected herbicide and its active substance on weed control. Following precautions, which were suggested, have led to successful suppression of specific significant weeds.
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Verification of the effect of chosen herbicides on Weeds occuring in the cultivation of spring barley
KAMEŠ, Josef
This work is focused on verification of the effect of chosen herbicides on Weeds occuring in sprouts of spring barley which i sone of the main crops grown in the territory of the Czech Republic. Lately, herbicides have influenc the Šeld of spring barley. So as to verify the herbicide efficiency there was founded a small parcel o fland test where there was assessed the efficiency of postmergent herbicides on Leeds which occurred in all parcels and during all the observation. The efficiency was observed on four measurements and it was recorded in percentage by Subjective Estimation Methods. The chosen postmergent herbicides took a very good effect on singl Leeds. As the best effective herbicide could be, hawevr, indicated Sekator OD which operand on all the Leeds the same way as the Catalogue of Preparation for Plant Protection 2012 states. Out of the results of efficiencies and overalobservations of tested area it can be stated that despote good preventative measures the protection of spring barley can not dispense with higt quality treatment with verified herbicides.
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Control of weeds in a classical way and minimalized tillage winter cereals in stands.
PECHAR, Aleš
The aim of this Bachelor´s work was to extend the findings from the classical aspect as well as the minimalizing method of soil tillage and suggest the possibilities of successful regulation of weeds on arable land for growing winter wheat. On the experimental field where the soil was processed by classical tillage appear less dangerous weeds, which were destroyed by application of herbicide and their number was minimal. There were mainly dangerous weeds on the experimental field cultivated by minimalizing, like Silky bent grass and Cleavers. Even if the herbicide applications significantly reduced them, there were a few individuals in the experimental plots. In the economic comparison was found that there is not big difference in cost in both variants of tillage, but the conventional method of processing in this case is cheaper. At the soil endangered by erosion would be better to choose the minimalizing method as an appropriate variant of tillage. But it is needed on all soils cultivated by this method choose different depth of tillage, including the use of deep processing undermining or classical plowing.
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